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Jaunpur, located in Uttar Pradesh, is historically known as the "Shiraz of India" due to its rich cultural and architectural heritage from the Sharqi dynasty (14th–15th century). It is famous for its magnificent mosques such as the Atala Mosque, Jhanjhari Mosque, and Lal Darwaza Mosque, built in the unique Indo-Islamic Sharqi architectural style. Jaunpur is also well known for its itr (perfume) industry, traditional handloom fabrics, and as the birthplace of several renowned scholars and poets.

Jaunpur is a city located in the eastern part of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated on the banks of the Gomti River, approximately 228 km from Lucknow and 58 km from Varanasi.

Jaunpur was founded in 1359 by Firuz Shah Tughluq and named after Muhammad bin Tughluq (Jauna Khan). It later became the capital of the Sharqi Sultanate (1394–1479), a major centre of art, culture, and learning in medieval India.

Jaunpur is home to several iconic mosques built during the Sharqi era, including the Atala Mosque (1408), Jhanjhari Mosque, Lal Darwaza Mosque, and the Jama Masjid. These are prime examples of the distinctive Sharqi style of Indo-Islamic architecture.

As per the 2011 census, the population of Jaunpur district is approximately 4.5 million, making it one of the more populous districts in Uttar Pradesh. The city of Jaunpur itself has a population of around 180,000.